🔍 Are You Selecting the Right Fire Pump for High-Rise Buildings According to IS Standards?
Designing firefighting systems in high-rise structures (>15m) isn’t about assumptions — it’s about precision, pressure, and people’s lives.
Here’s what every Fire, MEP, and Civil Engineer MUST KNOW while designing pump systems for high-rises ⬇️
🚒 FIRE PUMP DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
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🔍 Are You Selecting the Right Fire Pump for High-Rise Buildings According to IS Standards?
Designing firefighting systems in high-rise structures (>15m) isn’t about assumptions — it’s about precision, pressure, and people’s lives.
Here’s what every Fire, MEP, and Civil Engineer MUST KNOW while designing pump systems for high-rises ⬇️
🚒 FIRE PUMP DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
Standards Referenced:
IS 3844:1989 (Internal Hydrant Systems)
IS 15105:2002 (Automatic Sprinkler Systems)
IS 15301:2003 (Fire Pumps)
NBC 2016 Part IV (Fire and Life Safety)
🔧 FIRE PUMP CONFIGURATION – High-Rise Example (70m)
🔹 Jockey Pump
• Flow Rate: 180–300 LPM
• Head: 80–100 m
• Power: 3–5 HP
• Ref: IS 15301:2003, Cl. 5.2
🔹 Main Fire Pump (Electric)
• Flow Rate: 2280–2850 LPM
• Head: 80–100 m
• Power: 60–75 HP
• Ref: IS 3844:1989, Cl. 9.2
🔹 Diesel Pump (Backup)
• Same capacity as electric pump
• Mandatory for power failure
• Ref: IS 15301:2003, Cl. 5.4
🔍 HOW TO CALCULATE FIRE WATER DEMAND?
1️⃣Hydrant System (IS 3844: Cl. 7.1)
Flow: 2 hydrants × 900 LPM
Duration: 60 mins
➡️ Demand = 1,08,000 liters.
2️⃣ Sprinkler System (IS 15105: Cl. 5.2.1)
Light Hazard: 10.2 LPM/m²
Area: 250 m² (per zone)
Duration: 30 mins
➡️ Demand = 2550 × 30 = 76,500 liters.
📏 PUMP HEAD & PRESSURE
Outlet pressure requirement:
• Hydrant: ≥ 3.5 kg/cm² (Terrace level)
• Sprinkler: Based on hydraulic calculation
Total Dynamic Head = Elevation + Friction Loss + Residual Pressure
📌 NBC 2016 Compliance (Part IV – Fire & Life Safety)
Static Water Tank:
• For >60m buildings: 75,000 – 100,000 liters
• Sprinkler water is separate from hydrant demand
Pump Room Requirements (Cl. 4.1.10):
• Located at accessible floor (usually ground/basement)
• Test header, pressure gauges, auto-start, separate electric feeder
Fire Pumps Must Start Automatically upon pressure drop
✅ Key Takeaways
✔️ Never club domestic and firefighting systems
✔️ Use zone-based design for sprinklers in large floor areas
✔️ Confirm that pumps are IS 15301 compliant (UL/FM optional)
✔️ Diesel backup is mandatory for all high-rise fire systems
✔️ Always validate designs with real head, friction loss, and flow test values
Fire Protection = Life Protection.
Let’s ensure the system works when it matters most — at full pressure and full flow.
Source: LinkedIn Page of Sethi NKN
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